For months, OpenAI didn’t know why its model was summoning goblins. This is not a bug report. This is an audit problem that affects anyone who believes that regulation can be based on self-reporting by the labs.
OpenAI explained on April 29, 2026 why GPT-5.1 to 5.5 summoned goblins. The root cause lay in a reward signal for a personality feature that propagated unnoticed throughout the entire RLHF and SFT feedback loop, only becoming apparent after months and with the help of internal analyzes and external community reports. Anyone who wants to understand the technical mechanics can find it in This week’s reward hacking article. The real question of the AI ruling is different: What does it mean for external control and regulation if labs remain in the dark for months about their own model?
OpenAI’s honest answer is rarer than it seems. Labs rarely publicly admit that they don’t understand why their model behaves this way. That doesn’t make the case any more harmless. It makes it more structurally relevant.
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